分词短语作后置定语

一:什么情况下才会用分词短语作后置定语?

无论现在分词还是过去分词短语作定语时都必须后置。

二:分词(短语)作定语的结构为

现在分词的用法

(一)作定语

1. 动词现在分词单独作定语,通常放在所修饰词前。例如:

The sleeping boy is Tom.

2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面,意思同定语从句差不多。例如 :

Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.

3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语,常用逗号分开。例如:

Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.

4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如:

This is an English-speaking country.

过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。

1、前置定语

单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。

A类:被动意义:

an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人

The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.

受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。

B类:完成意义:

a retired teacher 一位退休的教师

They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.

他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

2、后置定语

过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如:

This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).

这将是这类小说中写得最好的。

Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?

昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?

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