过去式动词变化

一:动词原型怎么变动词过去式

过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1) 规则变化

情况 例词 读音与说明

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

一般在动词原形后加-ed look

call

open

need looked

called

opened

needed looked [lukt]

called [kC:ld]

opened [5EupEnd]

needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后

发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]

②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕

后发音为[id]

③但fix的过去式和过去

分词x不双写,为fixed.

以-e结尾的动词加-d move

phone

hope

agree moved

phoned

hoped

agreed moved [mu:vd]

phoned [fEund]

hoped [hEupt]

agreed [E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,

再加-ed study

carry

try studied

studied

carried studied [5stQdid]

carried [5kArid]

tried [traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play

enjoy

stay played

enjoyed

stayed played [pleid]

enjoyed [in5dVCid]

stayed [steid]

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop

plan

fit stopped

planned

fitted stopped [stCpt]

planned [plAnd]

fitted [5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,

再加-ed prefer

refer preferred

referred preferred [prI`f:d]

referred [ri5fE:]

2) 不规则变化

英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。

1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。

例:

原形 过去式 过去分词

cut(切)

hit(打)

cast(扔)

hurt(伤害)

put(放)

let(让)

shut(关)

cost(花费)

set(放)

rid(清除) cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

cost

set

rid cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

cost

set

rid

2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。

例:

原形 过去式 过去分词

find(找到)

pay(支付)

leave(离开)

lend(借出)

meet(遇见)

keep(保持)

lose(丢失)

teach(教)

sit(坐)

lead(引导)

win(赢)除) found

paid

left

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won found

paid

left

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won

3.动词原形与过去分词同形

例:

原形 过去式 过去分词

come(来)

run(跑)

become(成为)......余下全文>>

二:动词过去式规则及不规则变化总结有哪些

规则动词的过去式变化如下:

1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:

work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:

stop ---stopped

5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。

go – went make – made get – got buy - bought come - came fly-flew

不规则动词的过去式的构成

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:

begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam

2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:

drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote

3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:

draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)

4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:

get—got,forget—forgot

5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:

feed—fed,meet—met

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:

keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept

7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:

break—broke,speak—spoke

8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:

sell—sold,tell—told

9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:

stand—stood,understand—understood

10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:

bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:

can—could,shall—should,will—would

12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:

come—came,become—became

13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

let—let,must—must,put—put,read—re耽d〔red〕

15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:

am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,......余下全文>>

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